Glass melting kilns include glass melting, heat source supply, waste heat recovery and smoke gas supply. A furnace fueled by coal, heavy oil, gas, or natural gas. The coal-burning crucible kiln is equipped with a fire box. After coal combustion, semi-gas is produced, which is mixed with secondary air in the fire breathing cylinder and burned. The flame transfers heat in the kiln chamber space. The crucible kiln of fuel oil is provided with an oil nozzle to spray out oil mist and burn in the fire cylinder. The tank kiln of coal gas is provided with a small furnace, which is composed of an air passage, a gas passage, a tongue, a preheating chamber and a spray outlet. The fuel tank kiln is equipped with a small furnace, which is composed of an oil nozzle, an air passage and an injection outlet. The flame flow direction in the pool kiln is perpendicular to the kiln shaft, the vertical flame kiln is consistent with the kiln shaft, and the horseshoe flame kiln is consistent with the kiln shaft and is rotating in a horseshoe shape. In order to cool the glass liquid in the cooling part, a lattice wall, a low arch or a hanging wall are arranged between the melting part and the cooling part, and a liquid flow hole, a floating block and a neck are arranged at the bottom to adjust the liquid flow and block the unmelted sand scum, and the glass liquid is cooled by a cooling water pipe. The cooling part is often connected to one or more forming parts for glass liquid distribution, due to different product varieties and forming methods, it is divided into bottle glass kiln, flat glass kiln, tube kiln, optical glass kiln, ball kiln and other forms.
There is a large amount of waste heat when the flame leaves the kiln chamber, which can be used to heat combustion-supporting air and gas to increase the flame temperature and save fuel. The waste heat is mainly recovered by regenerator or heat exchanger.
Continuous pond kiln is a continuous pond kiln that uses a regenerator to recover waste heat. The regenerator uses lattice bricks to store part of the heat from the flue gas discharged from the kiln chamber. After a certain period of time, the heating operation is reversed, and the lattice brick passes the stored heat to the combustion air and gas entering the regenerator. For this reason, the regenerator must be set up in pairs so that the indirect heating operation is continuous. The heat exchanger uses ceramic components or metal pipes as heat transfer bodies, and the flue gas heat is continuously transferred to the combustion air through the channel wall. The crucible kiln mainly adopts heat transfer type, which is simple in structure and stable in operation.
Pond kiln (especially large pond kiln) mostly adopts regenerative type, which has high efficiency and reliable waste heat recovery, but it must have reversing equipment. A mixed tank kiln with flame heat source as the main source and glass liquid resistance heating as the auxiliary source. Operation is similar to that of a flame tank kiln. In order to increase the melting rate, increase the production capacity and improve the melting, clarifying and homogenizing quality of the liquid glass, the good effect is obtained by burying electric heating in the hot spot and the charging port of the flame tank kiln.